Documentary Center of Historical Memory
The Documentary Center of Historical Memory (CDMH), located in the city of Salamanca, guards a rich and heterogeneous documentation that covers the Second Republic, the Civil War, the Franco dictatorship, the Repulican exile, the deportation of Spaniards to concentration camps and the Transition to democracy. These documentary backgrounds include both an important archive and an outstanding specialized library and newspaper library.
This documentation can be consulted by researchers and citizens in general through the channels detailed in the Services section of this website.
In addition to the archival and library work, the CDMH carries out an outstanding task of cultural dissemination through the organization of activities, exhibitions, the elaboration of specific contents for this website and social networks and the realization of pedagogical activities.
| Name of the resource | Extreme dates | Number of records | Observations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Database of military and law enforcement personnel in the service of the Republic | 1936-1939 | | It lists the names of persons who served the Republic in the Armed Forces, Forces of Public Order or Corps of Carabineros during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and whose appointments appeared during the years of the conflict in the following official publications:
It relates only those personnel who in the Armed Forces obtained an employment or military degree of, at least, non-commissioned officer, during the period between July 18, 1936 and April 1, 1939, as well as those who entered as members of the Forces of Public Order or the Corps of Carabineros. With the query to the database we can obtain the following data:
The database does NOT show the employment or military grade obtained. If you wish to obtain this information, you must consult the corresponding publication or contact the Documentary Center of the Historical Memory requesting the reproduction of the same through the form that appears in the last column of the response. This database was made on the occasion of the publication of Law 37/984, of October 22, on the recognition of rights and services provided to those who during the civil war were part of the Armed Forces, Forces of Public Order and Corps of Carabineros of the Republic (BOE No. 262, of November 1, p. 31689). It was the result of an agreement between the Ministries of Culture and Finance, having since been used for the work of obtaining background information on those responsible for the rights established in the Law. At present, although it remains a valid instrument for the fulfillment of the initial objective, it has been considered opportune to disseminate it for the knowledge and use of all those who are interested in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), for administrative or research reasons. |
| Database of dead and missing persons of the Land Army of the Second Republic | 1936-1939 | | It includes the names of the people who belonged to the Spanish Army during the Spanish Civil War, who were responsible for the right to receive a pension for death, disappearance or uselessness. In addition to the name, the profession or professions declared together with the location data of the document from which the information has been extracted and the supplementary documentation are included. If you want to reproduce the document you can use the form that appears in the last column of the response to each query that is made. They include:
The database of missing, dead and useless created by the General Archive of the Spanish Civil War has used information from the documents of the Secondary Treasury of the Spanish Army, a republican body responsible for paying extraordinary pensions for death, disappearance or uselessness. In the exercise of its functions, the Pagaduría created several documentary series that reflect the process of application, recognition and payment of economic rights to the deceased or family members, in the event of death, which are the files on the granting of pensions, the synthetic testimonies and the records of control of the deceased. The latter, prepared by the Statistics Section for the purpose indicated by its name, collect the fundamental data of each person, including personal and military affiliation, the date and place of death, disappearance or cession, and data on the family of the deceased. That is why this series was selected to extract from it the data that would allow us to use this documentation quickly and effectively to identify people and use this data in the background work to justify the pension and compensation payments that the current legislation has been determining. |
| General cause | 1940-1967 | 1953 Legajos, collected in 4,000 boxes or installation units | By decree of 26 April 1940, the Prosecutor of the Supreme Court is given broad powers to proceed with the investigation of the General Case, in order to ascertain the criminal acts committed throughout the national territory during the 'red domination'. In view of the complexity of the investigation, it is established that, by Decree of 19 June 1943, a Chief Prosecutor of the General Case will be appointed who, under the exclusive and direct authority of the Minister of Justice, will assume the powers hitherto assigned to him by the Prosecutor of the Supreme Court; although, by Decree of 25 April 1958, it is stipulated that he will again remain under the authority of the Prosecutor of the Supreme Court and his powers will be restored. The Public Prosecutor, under the direction of the Prosecutor of the Supreme Court, assumed the task of collecting all the documentation that served for this purpose, forming the so-called "General Case", until the Decree-Law of March 31, 1969 recognized the prescription of possible criminal responsibilities for events that occurred before April 1, 1939. This investigation, carried out in each province by the prosecutors delegated for this purpose, records the criminal events that occurred in the three years of civil war under the Republican Government, from the elections of February 1936 to April 1939, in a documentation classified in eleven pieces, the content of which is as follows:
With the results obtained in all these pieces, the Prosecutor Instructor submitted a summary report to the Inspection of the General Cause that is contained in most of the provinces, but not in all. |
| Cases and Proceedings of the People’s Courts and Emergency and Guard Jurors of Madrid | 1936-1939 | More than 25,000 people tried by Republican Courts | In the People ' s Courts, by a decree of 23 August 1936, a summary procedure is established and, by a decree of 25 August 1936, it is added that the procedure for matters not regulated in the decrees was the Criminal Procedure Act, references to which will be abundant in subsequent decrees. In addition, special courts were set up for the investigation of cases and proceedings and, by a decree of 7 May 1937, it is established that special courts of investigation shall act in the service of the People ' s Courts and Emergency and Guard Jurors, and shall be responsible for investigating such cases. The procedure of the Emergency Jurors would be oral and the procedure established for the trials of misdemeanours, in accordance with the Criminal Procedure Law, would be followed. In addition, by Decree of 2 November 1936, it is established that the sentences of the Emergency Jurors are carried out by the General Secretariat. For its part, the procedure in the case of the Jurados de Guardia was the sumarísimo procedure regulated in the Code of Military Justice and would apply the penalties established in the Code of Military Justice. In the case of the Special Court of Espionage and High Treason, one or more Pre-Trial Courts attached to this Court would be established for the formation of the pre-trial proceedings, and by Decree of 29 June 1937, it is established that the Special Judges attached to this Court, for the pre-trial proceedings, shall have jurisdiction throughout the territory of the Republic. However, the Investigating Judges and, in their absence, the Special Judges attached to the People ' s Courts throughout the national territory, shall carry out the first proceedings for the crimes committed in the place of their jurisdiction and shall continue the formation of the summaries until their conclusion, as long as they are not required to be inhibited by the Special Judges. The cases will be processed through the very summary procedure established in the Code of Military Justice. Finally, the procedure of the People ' s Military Courts was based on the Code of Military Justice. |
| Spaniards deported to the Nazi concentration camps | 1939-1945 | | It basically brings together the contents of the publication Libro Memorial. Spanish deported to the Nazi camps (1940-1945), published by the Spanish Ministry of Culture in 2006, the result of an investigation by Benito Bermejo and Sandra Checa. It is an information tool for a very wide audience and also adds some consultation possibilities that a printed version could hardly offer. |
| File of the General Secretariat and the Social Policy Section | 1937-1967 | More than 2,500,000 chips, approximately one million of them digitized | The general file of the Documentary Services of the Office of the President of the Government is the result of a merger of the activities of the Political and Social Section, which is composed first of the State Delegation for the Retrieval of Documents and later of the National Delegation for Documentary Services, as well as of the Secretary-General of these delegations and of the Documentary Services themselves. This merger was probably due to the integration in 1958 of the Politico-Social Section with its namesake of the General Directorate of Security. Therefore, in this file we find, on the one hand, the files generated by the General Secretariat that provided background certificates both ex officio to the Special Court for the Suppression of Masonry and Communism as responses to the requests for information demanded by the jurisdiction of political responsibilities, the courts of purification of the administration, public companies and FET and JONS, the aforementioned General Directorate of Security, the High Staff, the different second sections of the Armed Forces General Staff, including the Civil Guard. They included the name of the person from whom the certificate was issued and the file number where the copy was kept. And, on the other hand, the analysis of the documentation seized from the civil, public and military organizations and institutions dissolved after the nationalist victory materialized in chips. They included the name of the person, his relationship with the documentation, as well as the file symbol from which the information had been extracted. Of the documents seized, only those that could relate people to the institutions proscribed by the rebels were generally selected and kept, leaving them criminalized. The general file consists of 69 files that hold more than two and a half million tabs. It has a phonetic alphabetical order where both the files of people likely to be reprisals for their past contrary to the National Movement are mixed with those of the people who had some connection with the Franco regime: the civil governors, prosecutors in Cortes, mayors, FET delegates of the JONS, officials, etc. |
| Portal of Victims of the Civil War and Reprisals of Francoism | | | Citizens can consult in this portal a database with the existing references in archives dependent on the Ministry of Culture and Sport, based on the documents that reflect the suffering and violation of Human Rights that our compatriots suffered for such a long period. To these have been added those relating to the presence of Spanish refugees in the Nazi concentration and extermination camps, from foreign sources. The references in the Victims Portal focus on those who suffered expressions of personal violence, repression, purges, injustices and grievances for political, ideological, religious or other reasons, both those who were not related to the National Movement, and those who were not related to the legally constituted republican government. The Portal includes data from the National Historical Archive, the General Archive of the Administration, the Documentary Center of Historical Memory, the Archive of the Royal Chancellery of Valladolid, the Provincial Historical Archive of Huesca. |
| Emanuel Harriman's Oral History Project on American and Canadian Veterans in the Spanish Civil War | 1985-1987 | 129 interviews | This set of 129 interviews with veteran American brigades was conducted in the mid-1980s. The interviews are life stories and address family history, childhood, political activities in the United States, reasons to join the Lincoln Brigade, their struggle in Spain, repatriation, participation in the Second World War, demobilization, return to civilian life. |
| Special Tribunal for the Suppression of Masonry and Communism | 1940-1963 | More than 150,000 references | The basic core of the documentation of this documentary fund is the series of files on cases against persons brought for offences specific to this jurisdiction. The archiving and custody of this series did not depend on the Registry but directly on the Tribunal itself. For its part, the Registry was responsible for the custody of the trial books and logbooks generated by the court. Alongside these, it is worth mentioning the Court’s own Executions Service and the activity of its Spokesman, who during his occupation by Marcelino Ulibarri was of great importance in the genesis of this body, given the coincidence with the direction of the State Delegation for the Recovery of Documents (DERD). Finally, it should be noted, the auxiliary office that the court highlighted in Salamanca and that was the aforementioned DERD. |
Information extracted from the Ministry of Culture and Sport. General Subdirectorate of State Archives. Documentary Center of Historical Memory.
Image: Wikipedia.
Date of update: 01/13/2023